# 32 — Nullstone Storage Upgrade Plan

> Status: PLAN (2026-05-10). Hardware purchase + install pending.

## Why

ARRFLIX library growth — Rick and Morty S02-S08 import (~105 GB) would push `/home` from 70 % → 92 % full. Tight margin for transcodes, logs, future imports. Pre-emptive upgrade beats emergency cleanup.

## Current state

| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Drive | Intel SSDPEKKF512G8 NVMe 512 GB (single) |
| Slot | 1 NVMe (`nvme0n1`) |
| LVM VG | `keystone-vg`, fully allocated (475 GB) |
| LV `/home` | 406.2 GB, 263 GB used, 117 GB free (70 %) |
| LV `/`, `/var`, `/tmp`, swap | 30/11/3/24 GB |
| Mobo | MSI X470 Gaming Plus Max (MS-7B79) |
| **Free slots** | **1× M.2 (M2_2)**, **6× SATA ports** |

Mobo has two M.2 slots:
- `M2_1` — PCIe 3.0 ×4, **occupied** (Intel 512 GB)
- `M2_2` — PCIe 2.0 ×4 / SATA, **free**

## Recommended path — 2nd NVMe in M2_2

| Capacity | Approx cost | Recommended |
|---|---|---|
| 1 TB NVMe | ~£60 | adequate |
| 2 TB NVMe | ~£130 | **best** — leaves headroom for full Disney+ / Star Wars catalogue |
| 4 TB NVMe | ~£250 | long-term, future-proof |

Specs: NVMe PCIe 3.0 ×4 (M.2 2280). Brand: WD SN770, Samsung 990 EVO, Crucial P310, Lexar NM790. M2_2 is PCIe 2.0 — drive will negotiate down (still ~1.5 GB/s — plenty for media).

### Procedure

1. Power off nullstone.
2. Open case, install drive in M2_2 slot.
3. Boot.
4. Verify: `lsblk` should show new `nvme1n1`.
5. Partition: `sudo parted /dev/nvme1n1 mklabel gpt && sudo parted /dev/nvme1n1 mkpart primary 0% 100%`
6. Add as LVM PV: `sudo pvcreate /dev/nvme1n1p1`
7. Extend VG: `sudo vgextend keystone-vg /dev/nvme1n1p1`
8. Extend LV: `sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/keystone-vg/home`
9. Grow filesystem online: `sudo resize2fs /dev/keystone-vg/home`
10. Verify: `df -h /home` should show new size, no reboot needed.

Total downtime: ~5 min for case open + boot. No reinstall.

## Alternative paths (if M.2 install blocked)

### SATA SSD/HDD (option 4 from poll)

- 6 SATA ports free. Mobo has space for 2.5"/3.5" drives (case-dependent).
- 2 TB SATA SSD ~£80, 2 TB HDD ~£25, 4 TB HDD ~£60.
- Procedure same as NVMe but `/dev/sda` instead of `nvme1n1`.
- HDD slower (~150 MB/s vs NVMe's 1500 MB/s) but fine for media — 4K HDR HEVC peaks at ~15 Mbps = 1.9 MB/s read.
- Pro: cheapest per GB. Con: slower transcodes if SSD cache not configured.

### USB external (option 3 from poll)

- USB 3.0/3.1 ports available (at least 2× 10 Gbps slots).
- Plug-and-play, no case open.
- Pro: no install risk, can move drive between machines.
- Con: cable disconnect risks media server uptime (auto-mount needs udev rule or fstab `nofail`). Slower than internal (~400-500 MB/s real-world over USB 3.1).
- Best if: temporary expansion or testing.

## Migration of `/home/user/media`

Once new drive added to LVM and lv-home extended → media stays in place. NO migration needed. Just more headroom.

If using a SEPARATE drive (not joining LVM):

```bash
# Mount new drive at /mnt/media-2
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme1n1p1   # or /dev/sda1
sudo mkdir /mnt/media-2
sudo mount /dev/nvme1n1p1 /mnt/media-2
sudo chown user:user /mnt/media-2

# Move TV to new drive (movies stay on /home for now)
sudo rsync -aHAX --info=progress2 /home/user/media/tv/ /mnt/media-2/tv/

# Update fstab for auto-mount on boot
echo '/dev/nvme1n1p1 /mnt/media-2 ext4 defaults 0 2' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

# Update Jellyfin container — stop, edit docker-compose.yml volume:
#   /mnt/media-2/tv → /media/tv-2
# OR just mount-bind /mnt/media-2/tv onto /home/user/media/tv (transparent to Jellyfin):
sudo umount /home/user/media/tv  # if anything's there
sudo rmdir /home/user/media/tv
sudo ln -s /mnt/media-2/tv /home/user/media/tv
```

LVM-extension path is much cleaner — recommended.

## Decision pending

Owner picks NVMe / SATA / USB based on what's easier to get + budget. Update this doc after decision + install.

## After upgrade — Rick and Morty bulk import

Once `/home` has ≥ 200 GB free:

```bash
# Per playbooks/import-media/ v1.0
# Stage all 7 seasons on onyx (already done — names need normalising)
# rsync to nullstone in one bulk
# Force Library/Refresh
# Verify Series 12→13 (only 1 new — R&M existed since S01), Episodes 217→285 (+68 with all 7 seasons full)
# Wait for S03 E06+E10 to finish download first, OR import partial + add later
```

Run logs: `playbooks/import-media/runs/rick-and-morty-s02-s08-2160p-hdr.md` (template).

## See also

- `playbooks/import-media/` — import workflow
- `docs/05-file-structure-rules.md` — TV folder layout
- ROADMAP.md — track upgrade as item